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1 Department of Medicine and
Research,
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an
important role in tumor metastasis and invasion, inflammatory tissue
destruction and remodeling, wound healing, and angiogenesis. The 72-kDa
gelatinase A is the most widely distributed of all the MMPs, and along
with the 92-kDa gelatinase B, both play an important role in the
turnover of basement membrane. The role of MMPs in chronic airway
inflammation and remodeling has received scant attention. In this
study, we sought to examine the release and activation of gelatinases
from human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and the effect of tumor necrosis factor-
and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
(PMA) on this release and activation. The role of membrane type 1 MMP
(MT1-MMP) and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-2 in activating
progelatinase A has been explored. We have demonstrated, using human
airway smooth muscle cells in culture, that
1) ASM releases gelatinase A
constitutively and when stimulated with PMA and tumor necrosis factor-
releases gelatinase B, and the release of gelatinase B is
protein kinase C dependent because it is blocked by H-7 and staurosporin; 2) treatment of ASM
cells with PMA or concanavalin A failed to activate progelatinase A
despite these agents increasing cell expression of MT1-MMP; and
3) the inability of ASM cell
membranes to activate progelatinase A is most likely secondary to the
high levels of TIMP-2 on the cell membrane. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that human ASM cells constitutively secrete progelatinase A
and when stimulated with proinflammatory mediators secrete gelatinase B. The released gelatinases A and B may be important factors in the
airway remodeling that occurs in asthma.
human; matrix metalloproteinase; membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase; tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase
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