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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 283: L665-L670, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00142.2002
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Vol. 283, Issue 4, L665-L670, October 2002

EB2002 FEATURED TOPIC
Role of gap junctions in CO2 chemoreception and respiratory control

Jay B. Dean1, David Ballantyne2, Daniel L. Cardone3, Joseph S. Erlichman4, and Irene C. Solomon3

1 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Environmental and Hyperbaric Cell Biology Facility, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio 45435; 2 Institut für Physiologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany; 3 Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook 11794-8661; and 4 Department of Biology, Saint Lawrence University, Canton, New York 13617

Gap junctions are composed of connexins, which are organized into intercellular channels that form transmembrane pathways between neurons (cell-cell coupling), and in some cases, neurons and glia, for exchange of ions and small molecules (metabolic coupling) and ionic current (electrical coupling). Cell-cell coupling via gap junctions has been identified in brain stem neurons that function in CO2/H+ chemoreception and respiratory rhythmogenesis; however, the exact roles of gap junctions in respiratory control are undetermined. Here we review the methods commonly used to study gap junctions in the mammalian brain stem under in vitro and in vivo conditions and briefly summarize the anatomical, pharmacological, and electrophysiological evidence to date supporting roles for cell-cell coupling in respiratory rhythmogenesis and central chemoreception. Specific research questions related to the role of gap junctions in respiratory control are suggested for future research.

brain stem; connexin; cell-cell coupling; central chemoreception; electrical coupling


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