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Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 290: L32-L40, 2006. First published August 12, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00133.2005
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Transgenic extracellular superoxide dismutase protects postnatal alveolar epithelial proliferation and development during hyperoxia

Richard L. Auten,1,2 Michael A. O'Reilly,3,4 Tim D. Oury,5 Eva Nozik-Grayck,1 and Mary H. Whorton1

Neonatal-Perinatal Research Institute, Departments of 1Pediatrics and 2Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Departments of 3Pediatrics and 4Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York; and 5Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Submitted 23 March 2005 ; accepted in final form 8 August 2005

Transgenic (TG) human (h) extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) targeted to type II cells protects postnatal newborn mouse lung development against hyperoxia by unknown mechanisms. Because alveolar development depends on timely proliferation of type II epithelium and differentiation to type I epithelium, we measured proliferation in bronchiolar and alveolar (surfactant protein C-positive) epithelium in air and 95% O2-exposed wild-type (WT) and TG hEC-SOD newborn mice at postnatal days 3, 5, and 7 (P3-P7), traversing the transition from saccular to alveolar stages. We found that TG hEC-SOD ameliorated the 95% O2-impaired bromodeoxyuridine uptake in alveolar and bronchiolar epithelium at P3, but not at P5 and P7, when overall epithelial proliferation rates were lower in air-exposed WT mice. Mouse EC-, CuZn-, and Mn-SOD expression were unaffected by hyperoxia or genotype. TG mice had less DNA damage than 95% O2-exposed WT mice at P3, measured by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (P < 0.05). Hyperoxia induced cell-cycle inhibitory protein p21cip/waf mRNA at P3, WT > TG, P = 0.06. 95% O2 impaired apical expression of type I cell {alpha} protein (T1{alpha}) in WT but not in TG mice at P3 and increased T1{alpha} in WT and TG mice at P7. Reducing the 95% O2-induced impairment of epithelial proliferation at a critical window of lung development was associated with protection against DNA damage and preservation of apical T1{alpha} expression at P3.

type I cell; T1{alpha}; deoxyribonucleic acid damage


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: R. L. Auten, DUMC Box 3373, Durham, NC 27710 (e-mail: auten{at}duke.edu)




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