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INVITED REVIEW

Regulation of vascular endothelial cell barrier function and cytoskeleton structure by protein phosphatases of the PPP family

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; ²Department of Medical Chemistry, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary; ³Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio; and ⁴Medical College of Georgia, Vascular Biology Center, Augusta, Georgia

Reversible phosphorylation of cytoskeletal and cytoskeleton-associated proteins is a significant element of endothelial barrier function regulation. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of endothelial cell cytoskeletal proteins is vital to the treatment of severe lung disorders such as high permeability pulmonary edema. In vivo, there is a controlled balance between the activities of protein kinases and phosphatases. Due to various external or internal signals, this balance may be shifted. The actual balances at a given time alter the phosphorylation level of certain proteins with appropriate physiological consequences. The latest information about the structure and regulation of different types of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases participating in the regulation of endothelial cytoskeletal organization and barrier function will be reviewed here.

endothelial barrier function; Ser/Thr protein phosphatases

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