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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print December 14, 2001
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 10.1152/ajplung.00421.2000
Submitted on November 22, 2000
Accepted on November 1, 2001
1 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA
2 Pulmonary Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
3 National Institute of Respiratory Disease, Mexico City, Mexico
4 Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: masonb{at}njc.org.
Pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) is expressed in alveolar type II cells and bronchiolar epithelial cells and is secreted into alveoli and conducting airways. However, SP-D has also been measured in serum and is increased in patients with ARDS, pulmonary fibrosis and alveolar proteinosis. To demonstrate that SP-D could be measured in rat serum, rats were instilled with KGF, which produces type II cell hyperplasia and an increase in SP-D in lavage fluid. To evaluate serum SP-D as a biomarker of lung injury we examined several different injury models. In rats treated with 1 unit of bleomycin, serum SP-D was elevated on days 3, 7, 14, and 28 after instillation, and SP-D mRNA was increased in focal areas as detected by in situ hybridization. However, there was no increase in whole lung SP-D mRNA, when the expression was normalized to whole lung 18S rRNA. After instillation of 2 units of bleomycin, the serum levels of SP-D were higher, and SP-D was also increased in lavage fluid and lung homogenates. In another model of subacute injury serum SP-D was increased in rats treated with paraquat plus oxygen. Finally to evaluate acute lung injury, rats were instilled with HCl and SP-D was increased at 4 hours after instillation. Our data indicate that serum SP-D may be a useful indicator of lung injury and type II cell hyperplasia in rats.
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